[DOWNLOAD] "Assimilation Efficiency of Free and Protein Amino Acids by Homalodisca Vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) Feeding on Citrus Sinensis and Vitis Vinifera (Report)" by Florida Entomologist ~ eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Assimilation Efficiency of Free and Protein Amino Acids by Homalodisca Vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) Feeding on Citrus Sinensis and Vitis Vinifera (Report)
- Author : Florida Entomologist
- Release Date : January 01, 2009
- Genre: Life Sciences,Books,Science & Nature,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 234 KB
Description
The glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis, is endemic to the southeastern United States and northeastern Mexico (Turner & Pollard 1959; Redak et al. 2004; Takiya et al. 2006). The GWSS may feed on the xylem fluid from hundreds of plant species from 37 families (Turner & Pollard 1959; Redak et al. 2004). It is an important vector of many diseases caused by Xylella fastidiosa (Wells et al. 1987), including Pierce's disease of grapevine, phony peach disease, plum leaf scald, and citrus variegated chlorosis (Hopkins & Purcell 2002). The GWSS was first detected in California in 1989 (Sorensen & Gill 1996). Pierce's disease precludes the culture of Vitis vinifera in the southeastern US and is threatening the 33 billion dollar grape industry in California (www.wine institute. org). The determinant of host plant selection and the performance of polyphagous insects is often organic nitrogen (Slansky & Feeny 1977; Mattson 1980; Slansky & Scriber 1985). Nitrogen form may be more important than total nitrogen (Taylor & Medici 1966; Brodbeck & Strong 1987). Polyphagy may be more critical to the success of GWSS and other xylem feeders than insects of other feeding guilds because xylem fluid contains the lowest concentration of nutrients and organic carbon of any plant tissue (Raven 1983; Andersen & Brodbeck 1989; Andersen et al. 1989, 1992). Xylem fluid is 95 to 99% water and total osmolality is usually 10 to 20 mM (Andersen & Brodbeck 1989, Andersen et al. 1989, 1995). The primary organic compounds in xylem fluid are amino acids, organic acids, and sugars; inorganic ions account for most of the remaining solutes (Andersen & Brodbeck 1989; Andersen et al. 1989, 1992, 1995). The concentrations of secondary compounds in xylem fluid are exceedingly low (Raven 1983), although proteins occur in low concentration (Biles et al. 1989; Biles & Abeles 1991; Buhtz et al. 2004).
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